Amaphoyisa asePakistan asebenzisa amanetha afana nawase-Ukraine ukunqanda ukuhlaselwa ngamadroni

Okushintshile

Ngokombiko we-France 24, amaphoyisa esifundazweni saseKhyber Pakhtunkhwa ePakistan aseqale ukulengisa amanetha aqinisiwe ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zawo ukuze anqande amadroni aguquliwe asetshenziswa yiTehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan. Inetha lelulwa phakathi kwezingaphambili zezakhiwo nezindonga zikakhonkolo ezisemaceleni omgwaqo, ngenhloso yokubamba amadroni noma izinhlamvu eziwiswayo ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele emaphoyiseni angezansi; umbiko uthi i-TTP isebenzise amadroni kabanzi kusukela ngo-2024.

Kungani lokhu kubalulekile

Lena yimpendulo ephathekayo esongweni olungabizi: ukwenza indawo esemoyeni ngenhla kwegceke lamaphoyisa ingabi lula ukuba indroni encane idlule kuyo. Amabhulokhi kakhonkolo avikela ekuhlaselweni okuvela phansi. Ukumbozwa ngenetha kushintsha isimo sokuhlasela okuvela phezulu.

Inzuzo esheshayo inomkhawulo kodwa ibalulekile. Amaphoyisa asezindaweni zokungena nasemagcekeni amboziwe angase angachayeki kakhulu engozini uma indroni encane noma umthwalo wayo ubanjwa ngenhla. Nomkhawulo ubalulekile ngokufanayo: inetha alikwazi ukumisa ukubhekwa kokunyakaza okwenzeka ngaphandle kwalo, ukuvikela umzila ongamboziwe, noma ukunqanda ukuhlasela okuqaliswa ngale kwemiphetho yalo.

Umbono wethu (ukuqagela okunolwazi): ezinyangeni eziyisi-6–12 ezizayo, amanetha kungenzeka kakhulu abe ungqimba olwengeziwe olukhethiwe ezakhiweni ezichayeke kakhulu. Uma enakekelwa futhi ebekwa phezu kwezindlela okungenzeka kusondelwe ngazo, angaphoqa abaqhubi bamadroni ukuba bakhethe imizila engaqondile kangako futhi enze ukuhlasela kwezinye izindawo kube nzima. Uma engafakwa kabanzi noma kulula ukuwadlula, ingcindezi iyovele idlulele kwenye indawo.

Ukuqhathanisa nomlando

Embikweni wangaphambilini we-The Guardian, i-Ukraine yasebenzisa amanetha okudoba aqinisiwe phezu kwemigwaqo, ezindaweni zomphakathi, emisele yokuzivikela nasezimotweni ukuze inqande amadroni amancane aqhumayo. Ukufana kwesakhiwo kulula: amadroni angabizi ahlangana nesithiyo esingokoqobo esingabizi.

Umehluko omkhulu usezingeni nasendaweni okwenzeka kuyo. I-Ukraine yasebenzisa amanetha emizileni yezokuthutha nasezindaweni zomphakathi phakathi nempi yamazwe; iPakistan iwafaka ezakhiweni zamaphoyisa phakathi nokuvukela umbuso. Umbiko wakamuva we-Guardian walandisa ngendroni ye-FPV eyaqhuma enetheni lomgwaqo ngesikhathi isakhamuzi sisinda, waphinde wathola ukuthi amanetha nezindawo zokukhosela zasiza abantu ukusebenzisa izimakethe ezivulekile. Wabuye wathola ukuthi amanetha awavikelanga kumadroni amakhulu e-Shahed noma emabhombeni ashibilikayo.

Lokho kusikisela ukuthi ukuhlola okufanele ePakistan akukhona ukuthi amanetha enza yini isakhiwo singahlaseleki. Kunalokho, umbuzo uwukuthi ayanciphisa yini ingozi evela kumadroni amancane asondela ngqo achazwe embikweni, ngesikhathi amaphoyisa eqhubeka nokuvikela indawo futhi ezivumelanisa nokubhekwa nezindlela ezingamboziwe.

Indlela imiphumela engasabalala ngayo

Uma ukumbozwa ngenetha kubamba indroni noma izinhlamvu eziwiswayo ngenhla kwesakhiwo, amaphoyisa angahlala ephephile ngaphakathi kwendawo emboziwe. Uma lokho kunciphisa umonakalo esikhungweni esihlaselwa kaningi, imisebenzi eseduze naso ingase ibhekane nokuphazamiseka okuncane okuhlobene nokuphepha ezinyangeni ezilandelayo.

Lolu chungechunge luncike ezintweni ezintathu: amanetha kufanele amboze izindlela okungenzeka kusondelwe ngazo, anakekelwe njalo, kanti ukuhlasela kuqhubeke kuncike kumadroni amancane noma ezinhlamvwini eziwiswayo. Izikhali ezinkulu, ukuqondiswa kokuhlasela okususelwa ekubhekweni, noma ukuhlasela okuqondiswe ngaphandle kwendawo embozwe inetha kungalunqamula ngokushesha lolu chungechunge.

Ukuhlolwa komthelela

Amaphoyisa aseKhyber Pakhtunkhwa athola ungqimba olungaba khona lokuvikela ezakhiweni ezifakelwe amanetha, kodwa asachayeke ekubhekweni nasekuhlaselweni ezindaweni noma emizileni engamboziwe. Umphumela uxubile emasontweni azayo.

Iziteshi ezingenazo ezazo izinsiza zisachayeke kakhulu. I-France 24 ibika ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-30 eziteshi zamaphoyisa azinazo, okushiya amandla okuzivikela engalingani njengoba ezinye izakhiwo zengeza amanetha.

Kubaqhubi be-TTP, ukumbozwa ngenetha okusebenza kahle kunganciphisa usizo lokuhlasela ngqo ngamadroni amancane ezakhiweni ezimboziwe. Kodwa amadroni atholakala kalula nendima yawo ebikiwe yokubhekwa kugcina kunezinketho ngaphandle kwenetha.

Izakhamuzi namabhizinisi aseduze zingase zibone ukuphazamiseka okuncane uma izakhiwo ezimboziwe zibhekana nokuhlaselwa okuyimpumelelo okumbalwa. Leyo nzuzo incike ekutheni amanetha aqhubeke esebenza lapho efakwe khona.

Izimo ezingaba khona

Okungenzeka kakhulu: Uma usongo lwamadroni amancane luqhubeka futhi amaphoyisa enakekela amanetha njengokwengeza ezivimbelweni ezikhona, ukufakwa okukhethiwe kuyonwebeka ezinyangeni eziyisi-6–12. Okunye ukuhlasela okuqondile ezakhiweni ezimboziwe kuzoba nzima, kuyilapho ukubhekwa nokuhlasela okwenzeka ngale kwendawo embozwe inetha kuqhubeka. Ukufakwa okwengeziwe, amadroni noma izinhlamvu ezibanjwayo, kanye nokuqhubeka kokusetshenziswa kwezinye izivimbelo kungasekela le ndlela.

Okuhle kakhulu: Uma amanetha efika ezakhiweni ezichayeke kakhulu, emboza izindlela okungenzeka kusondelwe ngazo futhi elungiswa njalo, ukuhlasela okuyimpumelelo ngamadroni amancane kungase kwehle kulezo zindawo. Imisebenzi yamaphoyisa ingaqhubeka ngokuphazamiseka okuncane, kube nezinzuzo ezilinganiselwe ezisakazeka ezindaweni eziseduze nezakhiwo ezivikelekile. Izimpawu eziqinisekisayo zingafaka ukubanjwa okubhaliwe nokunwebeka ngale kwezindawo zokuqala.

Okubi kakhulu: Uma abahlubuki beshintsha besebenzisa izindlela ezingamboziwe, amaqhinga asuselwa ekubhekweni, izikhali ezisindayo noma amadroni amakhulu, amaphoyisa kungase kudingeke anikele ngezinsiza ezengeziwe ekuvikeleni izindawo kuyilapho ukuhlasela kudlulela ngaphandle kwendawo efinyelelwa inetha. Ukudlulwa okuphindaphindiwe, amanetha adabukile, noma izehlakalo ezigxile ezindaweni ezingamboziwe kungakhomba kulowo mkhuba.

Okufanele kubhekwe ngokulandelayo

• Ukuthi amaphoyisa aseKhyber Pakhtunkhwa ayawafaka futhi ayawanakekela yini amanetha kwezinye izakhiwo ezichayeke kakhulu.
• Ukuthi ukuhlasela okubikiwe kubonisa yini amadroni noma izinhlamvu zibanjwa yinetha, noma ziliqoba kaningi.
• Ukuthi i-TTP iyaqhubeka yini ukusebenzisa amadroni amancane aguquliwe noma ishintshela ezinhlelweni ezinkulu, ezikhalini ezisindayo, noma emizileni engaphandle kwezindlela ezimboziwe.