ICalifornia Isayine Imithetho Yokuvikela Izingane Ezingozini Zezinkundla Zokuxhumana Ne-AI

Okushintshile

Ngokombiko we-AP News, uMbusi waseCalifornia uGavin Newsom usayine ngoLwesine imithetho evimbela izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ekunikezeni abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 izindlela zokubukiswa kokuqukethwe ezingadala umlutha, evumela izinhlawulo ezifika ku-$1 million ngengane ngayinye uma kutholakala ukuthi izinkundla ezinkulu zokuxhumana zibe nobudedengu ekulimazeni izingane, futhi edinga ukuthi abaqhuba ama-chatbot e-AI bahlole ubungozi ngaphambi kokwethula lezo zinsizakalo.

Le mithetho ilandela isivumelwano sikaMeta sokukhokha imali efinyelela ku-$18 billion nokuqinisa izinyathelo zokuphepha kwezingane, ngemva kwecala elafakwa yiCalifornia nezinye izifundazwe ezingu-28 ngo-2023. Eminye imithetho izophinde ibeke izimiso zokuhlolwa kokuphepha kwamamodeli e-AI okwenziwa ngokuzimela, kanye nerejista yabahloli abazimele ngokwezimali.

Kungani Lokhu Kubalulekile

ICalifornia iguqule isexwayiso esibanzi mayelana nokulimala okuku-inthanethi saba yimfuneko yomkhiqizo. Manje izinkundla zinesizathu sokushintsha indlela okuboniswa ngayo okuqukethwe, indlela okuqinisekiswa ngayo ubudala kanye nendlela izinqumo zokuphepha ezibhalwa ngayo.

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi ingane ivula uhlelo lokusebenza noma i-chatbot. Okuhlangenwe nakho kungase kungabe kusaba lula njengakuqala: kungase kube nezincomo ezimbalwa eziklanyelwe ukukhulisa ukuzibandakanya, ukuhlolwa kobudala okwengeziwe kanye nemingcele eminingi kulokho izinkampani ezingakukhipha ngaphandle kokubuyekezwa. UMeta uthi ukwenza okuqukethwe kube ngokwezifiso kusiza intsha ithole okuqukethwe okufanele futhi okuhambisana nobudala bayo, ngakho impikiswano izogxila ekutheni ukuphepha kudinga ukunciphisa ukwenza okuqukethwe kube ngokwezifiso noma kudinga izilawuli ezingcono kuphela.

Imininingwane isalokhu ingakacaci. Umbiko awucacisi ukuthi iCalifornia izokuchaza kanjani “ukuboniswa kokuqukethwe okudala umlutha,” izozisebenzisa kanjani izinhlawulo noma izokwahlulela kanjani ukuhlolwa kobungozi bama-chatbot. Lezi zincazelo zizonquma ukuthi izinkampani zizokwenza izinguquko eziqondiswe ngqo noma zihoxe kwezinye izinsizakalo.

Indlela imiphumela engasabalala ngayo

Uma izinkundla zibhekana nokuphoqelelwa komthetho okunomthelela, zingase zethule izilungiselelo zokubonisa okuqukethwe eziqondene neCalifornia, ukuqinisekiswa kobudala okuqinile kanye namarekhodi anemininingwane eminingi okuthobela imithetho. Lokho kunganciphisa ukuzibandakanya kwentsha okuqhutshwa yizincomo.

Uma ukuzibandakanya noma ukunemba kokukhomba kwehla, abakhangisi abafuna ukufinyelela intsha yaseCalifornia bangase badlulisele enye yemali abayisebenzisayo ekukhangiseni okusekelwe kumongo, ekukhangiseni okwenziwa ngokubambisana nabadali bokuqukethwe noma eziteshini ezingaphandle kwezinkundla zokuxhumana. Lolo shintsho lungenza imikhankaso eqondiswe entsheni inganciki kakhulu emandleni ezinkundla okwenza konke okuvezwayo kube ngokwezifiso.

Abathuthukisi be-AI babhekene nenqubo yokwethula ehamba kancane futhi ebiza kakhulu. Izinkampani ezinkulu zingase zikwazi ukukhokhela ukubuyekezwa okwengeziwe kalula, kanti abathuthukisi abancane bangase bahlehlise ukwethulwa noma bagweme ukusebenza eCalifornia. Irejista entsha yabahloli ingadala umsebenzi ezinkampanini ezizimele zokuphepha, uma nje izimiso zombuso zishiya abahloli abafanelekayo abanele emakethe.

Ukuhlolwa komthelela

• Izinkundla ezinkulu zokuxhumana: Zisengozini enkulu yokuthweswa icala. Izinhlawulo ezingaba khona ngengane ngayinye zikhulisa ukubaluleka kwezinguquko zomkhiqizo eziqaphile kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezibhalwe phansi.
• Izingane zaseCalifornia nemindeni yazo: Imiphumela ixubile. Ukuvikelwa okuqinile kungase kuhambisane nokuqinisekiswa kobudala okwengeziwe, izici ezimbalwa ezenzelwe umuntu ngamunye kanye nokufinyelela okungalingani ezinsizeni ezahlukene.
• Abathuthukisi abancane be-AI: Bangase babe sesimweni esibi uma ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokwethulwa kuba kubiza noma kuhamba kancane.
• Abahloli abazimele be-AI: Bangase bazuze uma iCalifornia idala irejista esebenzayo kanye nesidingo sokuhlolwa.
• Abakhangisi: Isimo sabo asicaci. Ukuzibandakanya kwentsha okwenziwe kwaba ngokwezifiso kancane kunganciphisa ukunemba kokukhomba, kodwa umthelela uncike ekutheni izinkundla zizishintsha kangakanani izindlela zazo zokubonisa okuqukethwe.

Izimo ezingase zenzeke

Okungenzeka kakhulu

Umbono wethu (ukuqagela okusekelwe olwazini olutholakalayo): Izinkundla zizokwethula izilawuli zobudala eziqondene neCalifornia, izinguquko endleleni okuvezwa ngayo okuqukethwe kanye nemibhalo yokuthobela imithetho, kuyilapho zigcina izinsizakalo eziningi zitholakala. Abathuthukisi be-AI bazofaka ukubuyekezwa kokuphepha kwezingane ngaphambi kokwethulwa, okuzozuzisa izinkampani esezinamaqembu okuthobela imithetho.

Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu uma iCalifornia ihlinzeka ngemithetho esebenzayo yokuphoqelela, futhi izinkampani zikwazi ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuthweswa icala ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezibhalwe phansi ngaphandle kokususa izici eziyinhloko.

Umphumela omuhle

Uma ukuqinisekiswa kobudala kusebenza ngokwethembeka futhi abahloli abazimele betholakala, izinkundla zinganciphisa izindlela zokuzibandakanya eziyingozi ngaphandle kokubeka imingcele ebanzi ekuxhumaneni okuvamile. Ukuhlolwa kungathola ubungozi bama-chatbot ngaphambi kokukhishwa, kanti ezinye izindawo zingase zamukele izimfuneko ezifanayo.

Umphumela omubi

Uma ukuphoqelelwa komthetho kuqhubeka kungacaci futhi izinhlawulo zibonakala zinzima ngokwezimali, izinkundla zingase zihoxe ezinsizeni zentsha eCalifornia noma zihlukanise lezo zinsizakalo. Abathuthukisi abancane bama-chatbot bangase bahlehlise ukwethulwa noma bayeke ukunikeza isevisi eCalifornia, kuyilapho abakhangisi bebhekana nokufinyelela okungabikezelwa kalula ezithamelini ezisencane.

Okumele kubhekwe ngokulandelayo

• Imihlahlandlela yaseCalifornia echaza ukuziphatha okuhlanganiswa ngaphansi kokuboniswa kokuqukethwe okudala umlutha kanye nokuhlolwa kobungozi bama-chatbot.
• Izimemezelo zikaMeta nezinye izinkundla mayelana nezinguquko endleleni okuvezwa ngayo okuqukethwe kwentsha, ekuqinisekisweni kobudala noma ekutholakaleni kwazo eCalifornia.
• Ukuvela kwama-chatbot amasha anokuhlolwa kobungozi bokuphepha kwezingane okubhalwe phansi.
• Ukusungulwa kwerejista yaseCalifornia yabahloli be-AI abazimele ngokwezimali.