AbaseVenezuela abase-U.S. baqhubeka nokusiza imindeni ehlaselwe ukuzamazama komhlaba

Okushintshile

Ngokwemibiko ye-AP News, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwangomhla zingama-24 kuJuni enyakatho maphakathi neVenezuela kwabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-6,500, kwalimaza izinkulungwane zezakhiwo, kwathi eziyi-190 zadilika ngokuphelele. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingaphezu kwezimbili, uKelly Granado Montano wathola izinsalela zabazali bakhe ngemva kwezinsuku ezingama-57 ebafuna, wase eguqula indawo yakhe yokudlela yaseLos Angeles, i-Full Arepas, wayenza isikhungo sokuthumela usizo, ngesikhathi kuqedwa izinhlelo zase-U.S. ezivumela abaseVenezuela abangaphezu kuka-700,000 ukuba bahlale futhi basebenze ngokusemthethweni.

Kungani lokhu kubalulekile

Le nhlekelele manje isivivinya ukuthi imindeni ephesheya ingaqhubeka yini nokuba yinsika yosizo oluphuthumayo eVenezuela. Usizo ludluliswa ngamakhishi ezindawo zokudlela, imikhankaso yokuqongelela izimali namanethiwekhi amavolontiya, kodwa lezi zinhlelo zintekenteke: zincike ekutheni abantu banemisebenzi, bazinzile ngokomthetho futhi banesikhathi sokuhlela ngesikhathi besosizini.

Umbono wethu (ukuqagela okusekelwe olwazini): ukwesekwa kwendlu ngendlu kungenzeka kuqhubeke esikhathini esiseduze, ngoba kakade kugcwalisa igebe eliphuthumayo. Uma imigudu yezomthetho encishisiwe iphazamisa ikhono labantu lokusebenza noma lokuhlala e-United States, imali, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla namandla okuhlela kungase kungasathembeki kangako ezihlotsheni ezibhekene nokululama eVenezuela. Lokho kungabeka umthwalo omkhulu emizamweni yendawo yokululama nakwabanye abahlinzeki bosizo.

Ukuqhathanisa nomlando

Ukulandisa kwe-World Bank ngokuzamazama komhlaba kwaseHaiti ngo-2010 kukhombisa iphuzu elifanayo lengcindezi: umphakathi wasephesheya ozinze e-U.S. owawuzama ukusekela izihlobo ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba okubhubhisayo, ngesikhathi izinhlaka zasekhaya ezaziphethe ukululama sezicindezelekile.

Umehluko ubalulekile. Umonakalo nokufuduka kwabantu eHaiti kwakukukhulu kakhulu, yathola i-Temporary Protected Status ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba, kanti ukwakhiwa kabusha kwayo kwadonsela umzamo omkhulu wamazwe ngamazwe. Nokho, okwalandela kwakudumaza: i-AP yabika ngo-2023 ukuthi iHaiti yayisaqhubeka nokululama, njengoba iningi lamaphrojekthi amakhulu okwakha kabusha axhaswe yi-USAID lalibambezelekile noma lincishisiwe, kanti kwase kuphothulwe cishe ingxenye kuphela. Isifundo siyasebenza: usizo oluvela emiphakathini ephesheya lungagcina imindeni iqhubeka, kodwa ukwakha kabusha okuqinile kudinga ukubambisana nokuhleleka okungaphezu kwalokho okungalethwa yisitsha sokuthumela impahla.

Indlela imiphumela engasakazeka ngayo

Uma abaseVenezuela belahlekelwa ukuzinza emsebenzini noma endaweni yokuhlala, ikhono labo lokuthumela imali nokuhlela usizo oluphindaphindwayo lingaba buthaka. Uma imizi ethintekile eVenezuela njengamanje incike kulokho kusekelwa, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla okumbalwa noma okungathembekile kangako kungayishiya incike kakhulu emandleni endawo okululama nakweminye imithombo yosizo.

Lolu chungechunge lungaphazanyiswa uma esinye isimo esisemthethweni sigcina imvume yokusebenza, amaqembu omphakathi evala igebe losekelo lwemizi, noma olunye usizo lufinyelela ngokuthembekile emiphakathini elimele.

Ukuhlolwa komthelela

• Imizi yabaseVenezuela e-United States ibhekene nosizi olusheshayo, ukufuna abantu nokuqongelela izimali, kanye nokungaqiniseki ngokukwazi kwayo ukuqhubeka ihlala futhi isebenza.
• Imindeni esezindaweni ezihlaselwe ukuzamazama komhlaba ingathola usizo olusebenzayo ezikhungweni eziqhutshwa umphakathi wasephesheya, kodwa ukufinyelela kuncike ekuhlelweni kokuthuthwa kwempahla ngamavolontiya nasekutheni usizo luyabafinyelela yini.
• Izikhungo zosizo ezifana ne-Full Arepas zingaguqula ubudlelwano bomphakathi bube yimpahla ngokushesha. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyi-12 ezizayo, amandla azo angacindezeleka uma abahleli kudingeka baqondise kabusha isikhathi nemali yabo ezidingweni zabo zezomthetho nezokuqashwa.

Izimo ezingaba khona

Okungenzeka kakhulu: Uma amabhizinisi omphakathi namavolontiya engaqhubeka nokuqoqa nokuthumela iminikelo, kodwa kungaveli uhlelo olubanzi lokululama, usizo oluqondiswe ngqo luzoqhubeka izinyanga kodwa luhlale lungalingani. Lena yindlela engenzeka kakhulu ngoba umbiko usuvele ukhombisa usizo luhlanganiswa umndeni ngomndeni. Ukuqhubeka kokuthunyelwa kwempahla nokuncika kwemindeni ezihlotsheni kuyokuyiqinisa; uhlelo oludidiyelwe lokululama luyoyenza ibe buthaka.

Okuhle kakhulu: Uma abahleli begcina ikhono lokusebenza futhi ozakwethu bendawo bekwazi ukwamukela nokusabalalisa usizo ngokuthembekile, amaqembu omphakathi wasephesheya angaxhumanisa ukuthuthwa kwempahla futhi afinyelele emizini eminingi. Lokho kunganciphisa umthwalo emindenini ngayinye wokuxhasa ukufuna abantu nempahla iyodwa. Ukulethwa okuvamile kwasendaweni nokubambisana kwamaqembu amaningi kungaba izimpawu zalolo shintsho.

Okubi kakhulu: Uma izinguquko ezinhlelweni ziphazamisa umsebenzi wabahlali noma ikhono labo lokuhlala, futhi lungekho olunye uxhaxha oluvala igebe, abahleli bosizo bangase baqondise izinsiza emizini yabo. Imindeni eVenezuela ingase ithole ukwesekwa kwangasese okungaqhubeki ngendlela efanayo. Ukuncipha kokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ukuqongelela izimali okubuthakathaka nemibiko yokuphazamiseka komsebenzi noma kokuhlala kungakhomba kuleyo ndlela.

Okufanele kubhekwe ngokulandelayo

Bheka ukuthi izikhungo eziqhutshwa umphakathi wasephesheya ziyaqhubeka yini nokuqoqa nokuthumela impahla; ukuthi imigudu yezomthetho yase-U.S. encishisiwe iyawaphazamisa yini amandla abaseVenezuela okuhlala nokusebenza; nokuthi iziphathimandla zaseVenezuela noma izinhlangano zosizo ziyasungula yini uhlelo olubhaliwe lokusabalalisa, ukwakha kabusha noma lokululama oludlula imizamo yamavolontiya ehlelwa ngokwesikhashana.