Topic
perspective
Tanzania Removes Nigeria From Referral Visa Category
Tanzania has removed Nigeria from its referral visa category after amending its visa regulations. The change concerns Nigerian visa applicants, but the…
Author Ajadi Launches ‘Afrilition’ Book to Challenge Afro-Pessimism
Author Ajadi has launched Afrilition, a book shaped partly by his experience of what he calls “Afro-pessimism”: the habit of seeing Africa mainly…
South Africa Never Studied the Wider Effects of Lion-Bone Trade
South Africa has confirmed that it never conducted a dedicated study into whether its authorised exports of captive-bred lion skeletons expanded…
Shuaib S. Agaka Urges Regulatory Coordination for Africa’s Digital Economy
Shuaib S. Agaka argues that Africa’s digital economy is being slowed by borders between regulators, even when businesses operate across them. His…
Nigerian Workers Threaten Three-Day Strike Over Petrol Prices, Wage
Nigerian workers have threatened a three-day warning strike over high petrol prices and the minimum wage.
Olayinka Atilola Calls Healthcare Financial Protection Nigeria’s Priority
As Nigeria marks its 66th anniversary, Olayinka Atilola has identified financial protection in healthcare as the immediate priority for the Tinubu…
Kenya-Rwanda Fuel Deal Advances as First Shipment Reaches Kipevu
Kenya and Rwanda’s fuel-import framework has moved from paper to delivery. The MT Sea Wolf brought 40,000 metric tonnes of refined petroleum products…
Nigeria’s ICPC Ranks Second in Transparency Assessment of 518 Institutions
Nigeria’s Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission ranked second among 518 federal institutions in the latest transparency…
Abiy Ahmed Arrives in Kenya Ahead of Planned Lamu Refinery Groundbreaking
Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed arrived in Kenya on September 30, 2026, ahead of the planned groundbreaking of the Lamu Refinery.
Abiy Calls for African Investment in East Africa’s Industrial Future
Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has called on African investors, entrepreneurs and industrial leaders to fund projects that build the continent’s…
Tanzania Hosts 13 Indian Tourism Agents to Promote Tourist Attractions
Tanzania has begun hosting 13 tourism agents from India on a familiarization trip running from September 28 to October 4, 2026.
Ethiopia Says Reforms Ease Debt Pressure and Lower Inflation
Ethiopian officials say a year of macroeconomic reforms has reduced debt pressure and brought average annual inflation down from above 26% to slightly…
/file/attachments/orphans/DMXCREATIONAFRICAROLLOUT-POST1-WEBSITEBANNER_457683.png)
Kudakwashe Maradzika Expands Media Firm to Develop African IP
Zimbabwean creator Kudakwashe “Kudi” Maradzika is expanding Lincoln Green Media beyond film and television into intellectual-property development…
Tanzania Plans Cancer-Medicine Plant and Treatment Centre in Arusha
Tanzania plans to build a cancer-medicine manufacturing plant and a specialised cancer treatment centre in Arusha. The government says land has been…
Indian Hospital Uses Nigeria’s Former Leader, Shettima in Ad
An unnamed Indian hospital used images of Nigeria’s former head of state and Vice President Kashim Shettima in promotional posts aimed at international…
China-Ethiopia Training Program Graduates Ethiopian Trainees
A China-Ethiopia vocational training program in mechanical manufacturing and automation concluded in Ethiopia on September 21, 2026. Run by Ethiopia’s…
Tanzania Rights Groups Seek Dialogue on Girls’ Marriage-Age Reform
Rights groups and Tanzanian public institutions met in Dodoma on September 30 to discuss possible reforms to the country’s marriage laws, including…
/file/attachments/2998/12115972_392743.jpg)
Puntland Authorities Say Somali Pirates Killed Five Crew Before Rescue
Puntland authorities say a rescue operation freed a Palau-flagged tanker seized by Somali pirates in April, but five of its 17 crew members were killed…
Tanzanian Couple Arrested in Mombasa Over Alleged Bus Drugging
Mombasa detectives arrested Tanzanian couple Pius Paskale Frugenze, 52, and Redempta Revelian Kuleta, 47, at their house in Magongo on September 30…
KikoRomeo Brings Kenyan Design to Moscow Fashion Week
Nairobi-based KikoRomeo will present its Ewala Spring/Summer 2024 collection at Moscow Fashion Week on October 1, 2026.
Kenya Calls for More Coordinated Domestic Health Financing
Kenya is strengthening domestic health financing while tightening how development-partner support is used. At a Global Fund Kenya Coordinating…
/file/attachments/2998/PA_15_SEP_2026_Weekly_AwehthumbnailClean_925222.png)
ANC’s 2026 Local-Election Preparations Expose Candidate Failures
South Africa’s 2026 local-election preparations are exposing serious strain inside the ANC while campaigns increasingly chase attention online. The…
Adéwálé Àjàdí Introduces ‘Afrilition,’ an African Development Framework
Adéwálé Àjàdí has introduced “Afrilition” as a named framework for understanding the African world’s contribution to its own evolution and to…
Ethiopia Expands Regional Influence Under Its Medemer State Framework
Ethiopia is presenting itself as an increasingly influential regional power under its Medemer State framework. The approach links four priorities…
Ethiopia Reshapes Defence System With AI, Drones and Cyber Capabilities
Ethiopia is reshaping its defence system after eight years of restructuring, with greater emphasis on artificial intelligence, drones, cyber…
Femi Otedola Says Tinubu’s Reforms Put Nigeria on Sustainable Growth Path
Femi Otedola, chairman of First HoldCo Plc, publicly endorsed President Bola Tinubu’s economic reforms at a private dinner in Paris on Monday.
TCB Bank Prepares for Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange Listing
TCB Bank is preparing to list on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange as Tanzania’s government targets listings for up to five state-owned companies by the…
Nigeria’s Election Result Tracking Shifts With AI and Civic Tech
AI and civic technology are changing how Nigeria tracks election results. The shift moves result-tracking toward new tools, but the report gives no…
Abiy Ahmed Welcomes Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud in Addis Ababa
Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud arrived at Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa on September 29, 2026, where Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy…
Tinubu Returns to Nigeria After Four-Week Trip Abroad
President Bola Tinubu returned to Nigeria on 29 September after four weeks abroad on what had been described as a working vacation. His plane landed at…
Tanzania Names New Ministers for Works, Energy and Legal Affairs
President Samia Suluhu Hassan reshuffled Tanzania’s Cabinet on 27 September 2026. New ministers were appointed to the ministries of Works, Energy, and…
Ghana Court Denies Bail to Six in 3.9-Tonne Alleged Cocaine Case
The Kwabenya Circuit Court denied bail to six people arrested after the seizure of 3.9 tonnes of alleged cocaine at Tema Port. The court cited the…
Tanzania’s Epanko Graphite Project Could Lift Planned Output 20%
EcoGraf’s Epanko graphite project in Tanzania could raise Stage 1 output by 20%, from the current feasibility-study basis of 73,000 tonnes a year to…
Belete Molla Defines Technological Sovereignty as Ethiopia’s Tech Goal
Ethiopia’s Innovation and Technology Minister Belete Molla has defined “technological sovereignty” as the ability to choose, adapt, develop and use…
Tanzania Invites European Investment Across Key Economic Sectors
Tanzania has invited investors from Finland and elsewhere in Europe to put money into agriculture, agro-processing, manufacturing, mining, energy…
Ethiopia and Kenya Deepen Cross-Border Community Ties
Officials and communities from Ethiopia’s South Ethiopia Regional State and Kenya’s Turkana County met in Arba Minch on September 29, 2026, to deepen…
Tanzania Mainland to Require USD 44 Travel Insurance From October 1
Foreign visitors entering Mainland Tanzania will need USD 44 travel insurance from 1 October 2026. The Ministry of Finance confirmed the start date…
Temesgen Truneh Urges Investors to Engage With Ethiopia’s Reforms
Ethiopia’s Deputy Prime Minister Temesgen Truneh urged investors and development partners to engage with the country’s reform agenda at the second…
Ethiopia Repositions Tourism Around Heritage, Nature and Communities
Ethiopia is repositioning tourism as a development sector that links heritage, nature, infrastructure, communities, hospitality and international…
I&M Bank Accepts TZS 100 Billion After Hatua Bond Oversubscription
I&M Bank received TZS 161.38 billion in applications for its TZS 20 billion Hatua Bond offer, an 806.92% subscription rate.
EAC, UN Agencies Plan Structured Health and Development Partnership
The East African Community and UNAIDS, UNFPA, UNICEF and WHO agreed in Arusha to create a structured partnership for regional health and development…
EU–Tanzania Roadshow Opens in Helsinki With Investment Pitches
An EU–Tanzania roadshow opened in Helsinki on 29 September with investment pitches focused on Tanzania’s critical minerals and digital economy. The EU…
Tanzania Urges AIIB to Help Shape Infrastructure Projects Earlier
Tanzania’s Finance Minister, Khamis Mussa Omar, urged the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank to work more closely with member governments on major…
Kenya Urged to Close Gap With WHO Industrial Trans-Fat Limit
Kenya is being urged to close a policy gap on industrially produced trans fats. The country has not yet fully aligned with the World Health…
Nigeria Sets Conditions for Supporting UN Secretary-General Candidates
In the most likely scenario, leading contenders will explicitly adopt these stated conditions in their platforms to secure the necessary regional…
WWF-Kenya and Forestry Department sign pact to boost 15 Billion Tree Initiative
The central players and their specific commitments include: State Department for Forestry: Provides government coordination and tracks progress via the…
ASA 2026: Africa Champions New Agri-Finance and Local Processing to Retain Value
If the new agri-finance model is successfully implemented, it could fundamentally alter market dynamics. Local processors would likely see increased…
Africa Health Collaborative adopts nine youth recommendations to reshape continent's health workforce
Prof. Brandon Collier-Reed, Deputy Vice-Chancellor for Teaching and Learning at the University of Cape Town, framed this disconnect during the event.…
South Africa: 28 killed in mass shootings at bars and entertainment venues
Two mass shootings in South Africa leave 28 dead. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
Nigeria: Shettima Returns from UNGA 81 After Renewing Calls for Security Council Reform
Shettima returns to Nigeria after leading delegation at UNGA 81. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
Enugu Air launches direct commercial route between Enugu, Nigeria, and Douala, Cameroon
The sustainability of this route depends on balancing operational costs with actual demand. If fuel prices remain stable and regulatory frameworks stay…
US Pushes for Role in Ethiopia’s $12.5B Bishoftu Airport Amid Chinese Construction Lead
The financial architecture of the project is as complex as the geopolitical one. Ethiopian Airlines plans to self-fund 30% of the cost, approximately…
UBA CEO pitches African investment potential at New York UN forum
This positioning directly affects the competitive landscape among pan-African banks. If this visibility translates into tangible trust, it could…
Tanzania's TISEZA Registers $1.88B in Q2 Manufacturing Projects
However, the location of the money matters. If suppliers remain outside domestic networks, the impact could be limited to steady job creation within…
Morocco Gains UN Endorsement from Chile, Jamaica, Mauritius for Sahara Autonomy
Mauritius: Announced an official policy shift. Foreign Minister Dhananjay Ramful stated his cabinet now considers autonomy under Moroccan sovereignty…
Seinde Signature launches 2026 edition of Nigeria’s first perfume advent calendar
The success of this model depends heavily on pricing accessibility for the upper-middle class. If the cost remains within reach, the most likely…
Nigeria's Sand Eagles Prepare for Ghana Beach Soccer Series
If the Sand Eagles maintain their home preparation edge, they enter the Accra leg with a favorable aggregate position. This shift in momentum allows…
Eric Omondi and Chandaria Nominated for Unstoppable Africa Awards
Omondi and Chandaria nominated for Unstoppable Africa Awards. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
Nigeria Stallions beat Ghana 28-5 in Kampala Sevens opener
The immediate consequence is momentum. In a sevens format where every possession is a high-stakes decision, the ability to sustain relentless pressure…
South African teen Gianna Pascoal joins Investchem MSA4 Series targeting Formula 1
Her progress has earned her a place in the FIA Karting Academy senior category, making her the first South African woman selected for it. She is also…
African Malaria Coalition Warns 30% Funding Cut Could Cause 146m Additional Cases
African malaria coalition warns 30% funding cut could cause 146m additional cases by 2030. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
Sing for Africa Season 2 Launches at SGR Terminus
The prize structure itself is notable for its international components. By pairing a local cash prize with a trip to China and a recording deal, the…
Nigeria demands fairer pandemic financing and vaccine access at UN
If donor nations prioritize domestic healthcare over international aid, the expansion of financial inclusion for African economies may stall.…
Ghana's Mahama urges media groups to lead national TikTok regulation
For the Ghanaian digital content ecosystem, the stakes are operational. Content creators and platforms currently face a period of regulatory…
Wunti: Nigeria’s 44 Minerals Must Build Jobs, Not Export Poverty
Foreign investors face a tougher calculus. The directive signals a preference for retained value over quick export profits, which may compress margins…
Kenya Avocado and Coffee Exports to China Jump 63% Under Zero-Tariff
China’s zero-tariff policy drives surge in Kenyan avocado and coffee exports. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
Nigeria repatriates 105 more citizens from South Africa
The trajectory of this crisis will likely hinge on the balance between diplomatic engagement and on-the-ground security. If the current phase of…
Apple Music Names Ugandan Vocalist Kyle Simbwa East Africa’s Up Next Artist
The outlook depends heavily on sustained editorial support. If Apple Music provides consistent content delivery and playlist retention over the next…
Ethiopia-Djibouti Pipeline: $660m Fuel Project Underway
The Ethiopia-Djibouti petroleum products pipeline is officially underway following a groundbreaking ceremony in Damerjog, Djibouti, on September 24…
Ethiopia Links Indigenous Values to National Unity, Citing June Election and Dialogue
This approach changes how the political landscape is viewed. It positions the recent election and the multi-week dialogue not as isolated political…
Tanzania moves national exams up to six weeks ahead of El Niño rains
Standard Four National Assessment: October 5 and 6 (moved from October 21 and 22) Standard Two National Assessment: October 7 and 8 (moved from…
Tigst Assefa targets women's marathon world record at 2026 Berlin Marathon
Ethiopia’s Tigst Assefa Returns to Berlin Marathon to Reclaim Record-Breaking Heights. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
Tanzania Launches Pamoja Project To Build 80 Childcare Centers
In the Mwanza Region, which is already implementing the project in Sengerema, Misungwi, Magu, and Ukerewe councils, Regional Administrative Secretary…
Ethiopia Links New AI Travel Platform to Meskerem Festival Season
The integration of AI into the Visit Ethiopia platform aims to reduce the friction typically associated with navigating Ethiopia’s diverse regional…
Tanzania and Japan Agree to Strategic Cooperation on Tourism Marketing
Joint development of tourism products. Coordinated marketing and promotion efforts. Investment in tourism-related services. Capacity-building programs…
Ethiopia, UN seek stronger coordination for Horn of Africa stability
The most significant variable here is the translation of diplomatic goodwill into operational reality. Ethiopia’s longstanding record of participation…
Tanzania joins GPE at UN meeting to mobilize global education funding
The immediate consequence for the Tanzanian Ministry of Education is the potential for expanded teacher training and school infrastructure over the…
Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire Commission 37 New International Boundary Pillars
If cooperative bilateral engagement continues, the most likely outcome is the gradual implementation of standardized border controls at these marked…
Xi Jinping to Visit US as China, US Seek to Extend Trade Truce
Beijing’s position is explicit: head-of-state diplomacy provides strategic guidance that lower-level negotiations cannot. Chinese Foreign Ministry…
/file/attachments/2998/14300279_252435.jpg)
Malaysian king allows jailed ex-PM Najib Razak to serve house arrest
If Najib pays the fine and stays under house arrest, UMNO’s morale rises; statements praising him signal a shift in internal party dynamics and a…
Mahama commissions evacuation of Agbogloshie waste heaps to Adepa
For Accra’s economy, the planned industrial park could deliver thousands of jobs within 12 months. It will also prove a model of how a government can…
KRA Seizes Ksh46.7M in Suspected Smuggled Goods Bound for Nairobi
Kenya Revenue Authority officers intercepted suspected smuggled cigarettes, shisha tobacco products and powdered milk worth an estimated Ksh46.77…
Tanzania Seeks Deeper OPEC Fund Ties Across Five Sectors
Tanzania has asked the OPEC Fund for International Development to deepen cooperation on clean cooking energy, transport, health, education and…
Senator Shehu Buba Umar Cast as Mediator, Not Terrorism Sponsor
On September 18, 2026, Murtadha Gusau published a Friday sermon arguing that Senator Shehu Buba Umar should be understood as a Muslih, a mediator…
TPLF Fighters Surrender to Ethiopian Forces, Hand Over 280 Weapons
Nearly 300 TPLF combatants surrendered to the Ethiopian National Defense Force’s Northwestern Command on September 18 in the Tekeze area, on both sides…
Joanna Wietrzyk Apologises After Continuing Hyrox Race
Australian athlete Joanna Wietrzyk apologised on Friday, September 18, after continuing a Hyrox race in Beijing last weekend despite soiling herself.…
Talent search returns as Nyota Bigi enters second season
Talent search returns as Nyota Bigi enters second season. What changed, why it matters and what comes next.
/file/attachments/orphans/Vince-Madlanga-one-yearlaterMAIN_242307.jpg)
MADLANGA COMMISSION ANNIVERSARY: Mkhwanazi’s ‘too grave to contemplate’ allegations gain grim weight
One year after Lieutenant General Nhlanhla Mkhwanazi became the first witness before South Africa’s Madlanga Commission, its chair, Justice Mbuyiseli…
MsingiTek Expands in Shinyanga, Targets Over 13,000 Pupils
MsingiTek launched its tablet-based learning programme in Tanzania’s Shinyanga Region on September 17, 2026. The expansion covers Shinyanga and Kishapu…
/file/attachments/orphans/DSC_3657-copy_858827.jpg)
Nelson Mandela Bay Seeks Residents’ Repayment of Electricity Rebates
Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality is preparing to argue that it should keep charging domestic customers a flat R4.50 per electricity unit, despite a 4…
Ruto Accuses Uhuru Kenyatta of Sabotaging Kenya’s Government
President William Ruto accused former President Uhuru Kenyatta of sabotaging Kenya’s government, funding opposition activity and undermining its…
Mary-Jean Moyo Appointed IFC Division Director for Six African Nations
Tanzania, as the host country for Moyo’s office, is likely to see its standing as a regional hub grow. This could attract more IFC-led programs and…
/file/attachments/orphans/amaB-Susan-PetroMAIN_798399.jpg)
PetroSA Faces R1.4bn Exposure After Nako Energy Settlement
PetroSA is facing a provisional-liquidation application after a 2025 settlement with Nako Energy turned a net R227-million position into potential…
Ethiopia Joins IAEA Talks on Peaceful Nuclear Applications
Ethiopia is taking part in the International Atomic Energy Agency’s 70th General Conference in Vienna, alongside representatives of 181 member states.…
Fiji Declares HIV a National Crisis After 2,016 Diagnoses in 2025
Fiji has declared HIV a national crisis after recording 2,016 diagnoses in 2025, a 27% rise from the previous year.
Mwanza Regional Commissioner Directs Councils to Improve Trading Conditions
Mwanza Regional Commissioner CP Salum Hamduni has directed local government leaders and Mwanza City Council to make trading easier by prioritising…
US Federal Reserve Raises Rates for First Time Since 2023
The US Federal Reserve raised its policy rate by 25 basis points to 3.75%-4% on September 16, 2026, its first increase since July 2023. The Federal…
ESL CEO Calls Ethiopia’s Sea Access Drive a National Survival Issue
Ethiopian Shipping and Logistics CEO Abdulber Shemsu said on September 17 that Ethiopia’s pursuit of sustainable sea access is a national survival…
Tanzania Raises Dark Fire-Cured Tobacco Price 28.6% for 2026/27
Dark Fire-Cured tobacco in Tanzania will have an average price of US$1.80 per kilogramme in the 2026/27 marketing season, up 28.6% from US$1.40 last…
Ed Sheeran Reportedly Asked Billionaire Kraft for $2 Million Donation
Ed Sheeran is reported to have asked billionaire Kraft to donate $2 million to Palestinian organisations. The reported request followed Macklemore’s…
Ethiopia’s Bank CEO Forecasts Decades of 9%-11% Annual Growth
Capital Investment Bank CEO Zemedeneh Negatu said Ethiopia could sustain annual growth of 9% to 11% for decades, including possible stretches of 10…
Johannesburg’s Walls Become a Public Gallery for City Stories
Johannesburg’s walls, cooling towers, bridges and installations are being used as a public gallery for the city’s history, daily struggles and creative…
/file/dailymaverick/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/12892444.jpg)
EU’s von der Leyen Proposes Canada as Bloc’s First Associate Member
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen proposed on September 16 that Canada become the European Union’s first “associate member.” She made…
Ethiopia Opens 2019 Academic Year With 30 Million Students Expected
Ethiopia opened its 2019 academic year nationwide on September 15, with more than 30 million students expected to attend and at least 20 million ready…
/file/attachments/orphans/14256234_115985.jpg)
Nepal Glacier Collapse Likely Helped by Human-Caused Climate Change
Scientists say human-caused climate change likely helped trigger the late-August collapse of about 2 square kilometres of rock wall and glacier ice on…
Ethiopian Guji Coffee Lot Sets Record at $2,376 Per Kilogram
A Guji specialty coffee lot from Ethiopia sold for $2,376 per kilogram in an international online auction on September 15, 2026, the highest price…
Tanzania’s NMB and CRDB Rank Ninth and 41st in Forbes 2026 Ranking
Forbes ranked Tanzania’s NMB Bank ninth and CRDB Bank 41st among banks with between $3 billion and $10 billion in assets in its inaugural Top…
Tanzania Says Namanga Border Reforms Are Speeding Trade Processing
Tanzania says improved services at the Namanga border are cutting the time traders spend processing goods. Deputy Industry and Trade Minister Dennis…
Zanzibar Concludes Three-Year Project on Antibiotic Misuse
Zanzibar has concluded the three-year ZAN-TOTO Project, a 1.5 billion Tanzanian shilling effort led by the Zanzibar Health Research Institute with…
Ethiopia’s Emergency Medical Team Earns Africa’s First WHO Type 1 Classification
Ethiopia’s Emergency Medical Team received WHO Type 1 Fixed Emergency Medical Team classification on September 15, 2026, becoming the first team in…
Ethiopia Proposes BRICS Climate Track Ahead of COP32
Ethiopia used the 18th BRICS Summit in New Delhi on September 15 to argue that climate action should drive economic transformation, not add to…
Tanzania Planners Urged to Measure Results, Not Activity
At Tanzania’s 2026 National Planners’ Conference in Arusha, Minister of State Prof Kitila Mkumbo told planners and local authorities to stop judging…
Geoffrey Ruku Reaffirms Kenya-India Cooperation Through ITEC Programme
Kenya’s Public Service Cabinet Secretary Geoffrey Ruku reaffirmed Kenya’s commitment to deepen technical and economic cooperation with India through…
Tanzania to Link Regional Development Plans to Jobs Data From 2027
Tanzania is tightening the link between development plans and measurable results. Speaking in Dar es Salaam on September 16, Planning and Investment…
Ethiopia Releases More Than 600 Prisoners in New Year Clemency
Ethiopia released more than 600 prisoners on the eve of the New Year, including prominent politician Christian Tadele. The government tied the clemency…
Tanzania Fisheries Experts Urge Innovative Finance Beyond Bank Loans
Experts at a Dar es Salaam workshop called for Tanzania’s fisheries sector to move beyond conventional bank loans. They proposed asset-based and…
Sportpesa League Set to Kick Off Saturday After Federation Agreement
The 2026/2027 Sportpesa League is scheduled to begin this Saturday after the Federation and club representatives reached an agreement at a meeting on…
Kenya and Tanzania Urged to Coordinate Mara River Protection
Kenyan officials and conservation partners called for stronger, coordinated protection of the Mara River during Mara Day celebrations on September 16…
African Capital Market Leaders Convene to Unlock Domestic Development Funding
More than 300 policymakers, regulators, institutional investors, development-finance leaders and market practitioners from over 20 African countries…